Palm Springs with Julie (Again)

If you can't tell by now, I have a thing for Palm Springs. Steve doesn't love it quite as much as I do but Julie is my desert exploring partner and we had a very anticipated, and highly enjoyable meetup on Saturday. So sit back and enjoy this long post about two interesting female artists who were contemporaries yet so very different from not only one another but from others creating at the same time. Wow.

Our destination is nestled in the heart of Downtown. The Palm Springs Art Museum is an innovative and forward-thinking artistic cultural center. Founded in 1938, its focus has been on design and contemporary art since 2004.
We arrived early for our lecture so we explored briefly, choosing to learn about the Entrancing Psychedelic Art of Kali.
A little about the artist, "She was born in 1932 in New York. Sometime around 1962, Joan Archibald left her trumpeter husband, two kids, and former life behind in Long Island and drove to California. She went blonde, and after a stint hobnobbing with the Hollywood beach set in Malibu, settled in the former home of Sandra Dee and Bobby Darrin in Palm Springs. Joan excelled at a photography night course at the local community college. Around 1964, she created the artistic persona of “Kali.”
A remarkable subset of Kali’s work is self-portraiture, seemingly exercises in exploring different personas via Polaroid. Hundreds of these images exist. “Kali,” it seems, was just one of Joan’s many guises, not merely a pseudonym but in a sense an alter ego with behaviors widely divergent from glamorous style maven Joan.



"I am primarily interested in photography as an art form…
though there does exist a certain fascination
in stopping a split second in eternity…
However complex the evolved techniques I am using,
I strive for simplicity, but I am a perfectionist and will go to all lengths,
and put forth all effort to accomplish a desired result.
I enjoy fantasy in art and literature,
and try to incorporate futurism, surrealism and mysticism in my work,
as well as love themes, beauty in nature,
and whatever else appeals to my inner senses at the time of creation."
-Kali in 1973
Completely under the radar in her lifetime (Kali died in 2019), she is now being recognized for her ecstatic, experimental photography. Her style is unmistakable. No Kali work was complete without vivid colorization. She was known to combine as many as eight negatives to make a print, overlapping and layering images. Other times, she’d use spray paint or toss on sand. In some pieces, mosquitos were trapped on the messy surface like flypaper, becoming part of the piece.
Kali sourced models from beaches and parks, or discreetly from her social network—most often her daughter Susan and her friends. She frequently altered the appearance of her subjects, dressing them in different thrift store-sourced outfits and employing an arsenal of wigs. She then skewed their reality further through her inventive postproduction techniques.
She blended photography and painting, developing a distinctive medium which she named Artography. She selected pieces from the negatives of her photographs and assembled them by hand into a final composition, which she printed as a black and white photograph. She would then manipulate each print until she achieved the desired mix of colors and textures, physically agitating the print in her swimming pool while applying dyes, paints, spray developer, and organic materials. Leaving the manipulated prints to dry in the sun, she made unique works that, unlike traditional photography, cannot be duplicated. Kali's process enabled her to create very different works of art from the same black and white photographs.


In Kali's portraits, faces often appear distorted or blurred, features are multiplied or obscured, and skin blends into the background. In the most extreme examples, her figures appear monstrous and otherworldly. These gothic images contrast with the cheery brightness of other works, some of which contain such sweet elements as butterflies and flowers. Though Kali clearly appreciated beautiful young faces, she gravitated toward something more mystical, “a face beyond, as in a dream," as she put it. Her many poems shared the common thread of a search for metaphysical connectedness beyond the world as it appears.
Towards the end of her life, Kali obsessively documented the UFO's she reported observing outside her home. She installed video cameras and detailed the unexplained phenomena in notebooks with drawings and Polaroid photographs of images from the video monitors. Though it is possible to see her UFO documentation as simply an older person's eccentricity, it is equally possible to see this obsession as consistent with how she understood the people she photographed earlier in her career. Kali writes about people existing in a "a different world," inaccessible "in waking hours / or conscious thought." She believed they emerged from this hidden realm to appear in the world of "people, places, and things." Her belief in the appearance of supernatural beings in the familiar world parallels her acceptance of alien phenomena on earth. What an interesting artist and what an opportunity to have met her.
"Does every single person know every other one
in some sub conscious universal way
and do we only meet from destiny's direction
or do we have a prior choice from former recollection."
-Kali
This invitation was the catalyst for us coming to the museum, "Join us for a conversation on the work of California sculptor Viola Frey with renowned ceramicist and professor at Cal State Long Beach Tony Marsh and the Artists' Legacy Foundation's Director of Collections and Archives Cynthia de Bos. They will discuss Frey, her studio practice and influences, and her creative community."

Neither Julie or I had heard of Viola Frey, but our curiosity was piqued. This artist who started as a fine arts painter found her passion. "Ms. Frey is known worldwide for her monumental sculptures that exploded traditional limitations on ceramic sculpture and placed her among the top of the male-dominated ceramics culture in California in the 1960s."
Born in 1933 on a grape ranch in Lodi, CA, Ms. Frey grew up in a time when few women devoted their entire lives to ceramic art. But once her hands molded clay, there was no stopping her. "I realized that I had to be an artist to survive," Ms. Frey said. She had nearly 60 solo shows and participated in more than 100 group shows in her lifetime. Her art is in the permanent collections of 27 U.S. museums, including The Whitney Museum of American Art and The Metropolitan Museum of Art.
"Viola Frey shifted between two-dimensional and three-dimensional artworks with ease, and she often explored myriad themes simultaneously, all of which built her visual language. Her iconography included suited men, hands, and cast figurines, among many others. Plates served as a canvas, upon which she built narratives, and bricolage sculptures were assembled with molded objects from her figurine collection to create new meaning. Throughout her work, she used light, color, and scale to evoke emotion."
Crafting a nine-foot man in a blue suit required an extensive knowledge of engineering, ceramics and glaze chemistry. It took her six months to a year to complete the sculptures because she could only build 2 to 3 inches a day, working in very soft clay. "Scale does matter. I like to look up because it reminds me of when I was looking up at grown-ups as a kid."
"One of the first things you notice about Ms. Frey's large figurative sculptures is that they are rigid, archetypal, Caucasian males or females. The men wear blue suits and often have blue lips. The women wear blouses and brightly colored skirts or dresses, and their lips are often bright red. To her, men in suits were a symbol of power, where the uniform became more important than the man. Women in dresses were a symbol of 1960s suburbanite submission."
While the moderators tried to imbued feminism and male 'toxicity' in some of her works, I saw whimsy there, too.
After the hour long lecture we were granted special access to Viola Frey's work in one of the museum's Art Vaults. How very, very cool.

After lunch at our favorite little Mexican place, we hit a very groovy estate sale, along with the Goodwill.

Our final stop was a greater opportunity to experience the art of Viola Frey. The Pit Gallery was hosting a closing reception after having an extensive Viola Frey retrospective. What timing and how amazing to be able to really study her pieces. Wow.
Most, if not all, of the artworks have kiln gloves or hands as a focal point.
“In these works, the mythical ‘artist hand’ is the dominant motif, seen not only in the mark making of the artist through her application of paint and glaze, but in the form and subject matter of the artwork itself."
I asked if Viola had journals. No. What is the true meaning of Man Standing on Glove (1985)? It is, as Tony Marsh hypothesized, Ms. Frey (the glove) being held down/oppressed in a field full of men? If that's the case, who are the three faces adorning the fingers of the glove? I have so many questions.



Scholars believed Ms. Frey used bright colors on her figures' hands to symbolize "vitality and the importance of hands. This was a woman who spent her whole life with her hands in mud so hands were very much the seat of her strength."

What inspired Viola Frey? She was influenced by the Bay Area figurative paintings of artists like Richard Diebenkorn and Elmer Bischoff as well as by the bold, cartoonish paintings of Joan Brown. Interestingly, I'm going to an exhibit of Ms. Brown's work soon so I'll know more about her, as well.

Viola Frey was renowned for her bricolage sculpture. She was inspired by her collection of figurines and bric-a-brac and from these objects she slip-cast molds in whiteware. She then reassembled them into larger compositions. The work was later glazed in a range of bright colors. I think this piece was my favorite. It reminded me of some sort of melted Llardó.



If this isn't enough information about Viola Frey, this three minute video displays even more of her unique talent.

Learning about these two very diverse artists allowed us to see such differing styles. How wonderful to be surprised by something so new to us. The Palm Springs Art Museum demands a more thorough explore. Next time!

"Good art is art that allows you to enter it from a variety of angles
and to emerge with a variety of views."
-Mary Schmich

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