A Great Frontier Odyssey Exhibit

The Temecula Valley Museum quite often hosts exhibits that I thoroughly enjoy. The current one is no exception.

A Great Frontier Odyssey: Sketching the American West depicts the 1873 cross-country journey of Jules Tavernier and Paul Frenzeny – and, subsequently, late nineteenth-century America – through their engravings of the American West.
After the opening of the Transcontinental Railroad in 1869, the public clamored for images of the newly accessible American West. The Harper Brother’s publishing firm, in New York, sought to capitalize on this, and chose (Frenchmen) Jules Tavernier and Paul Frenzeny to provide images of the frontier. The intrepid men were skilled at depicting newsworthy places or events that favored the plight of the common man. Coupled with their artistic and journalistic talent and keen powers of observation, they were a powerful team; Tavernier created each engraving’s watercolor painting before handing it off to Frenzeny, who added newsworthy details and drew the scene in pencil on wood blocks.
The prints in this exhibit trace the artists’ journey to San Francisco, where both men initially settled in 1874 and became an important part of the city’s art life. From there, Tavernier traveled down the coast to visit the Monterey Peninsula and before long opened the town’s first professional art studio. He returned to San Francisco four years later, but his insatiable appetite for adventure eventually led him to Hawaii. After spending time in Monterey to refine his skills as a watercolorist, Paul Frenzeny resumed his career as a special correspondent in New York, and became an illustrator of choice for Western Adventure stories and for such famous novels as Anna Karenina and the Jungle Book. He also worked as a rider in Buffalo Bill’s Wild West show in London, where he spent the rest of his life.
Harper & Brothers was a pioneering American publishing company known for its use of high-quality, mass-produced engravings, particularly wood-engravings, in its books and magazines. As a major publishing house in the 19th century, the company helped set the standard for illustrated periodicals and books.
The Circus Coming into Town was the second work that Frenzeny and Tavernier produced in collaboration. The success of their partnership is what led Harper's to choose the pair for their TransAmerica adventure.

Tavernier and Frenzeny documented many unique aspects of frontier life. Much of it surprised us like this image of an underground village in Arkansas. Settlers sometimes built shelters directly into the ground rather than expose flimsy buildings to the harsh winds of the plains. More permanent buildings would eventually replace these temporary villages. Who knew?
Part of the beauty of seeing art 'in person' is the ability to really study a piece. We were so impressed and wondered how it was all done. Turns out, both artists were adept at drawing scenes in reverse on blocks of boxwood, which they accomplished with the aid of mirrors; sometimes, these scenes were based on separate original paintings or sketches. The artists would send the blocks back to Harper's Weekly, where engravers would carve away almost the entire surface of the block to leave behind only the lines of the artists' drawings. Printers then coated the block's image with ink and pressed paper onto the block. This resulted in an illustration that was a mirror image of what had been drawn onto the block, and correctly reproduced what the artists had originally seen. It's sad there wasn't a discussion about the engravers whose task seemed the most difficult.


At times, western trains halted on their journeys so passengers could shoot at nearby wildlife. The artists witnessed this particular scene in the vicinity of Kit Carson, Colorado. The illustration seems to side with the animals, as the artists chose to engage the viewer up-close with the herd, rather than with the hunters on the train.



Tavernier and Frenzeny's collaboration for Harper's Weekly provided Americans with unprecedented visual access to the diverse landscapes and peoples of the expanding frontier. Many of their detailed drawings, such as The Strike in the Coal Mines - Meeting of Molly M'Guire Men, became classics of American culture. How wonderful that the Temecula Valley Museum is presenting such an informative and interesting exhibit of images from 150 years ago. What history and what artistic talent. We're so glad we didn't miss this!

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1 comments:

Suzanne Dechert said...

I've caught up with all the blogs at last. You are so super duper busy with such fun. I'm heading to the museum- You have inspired me and I look forward to a history lesson.

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